By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Lance_Winslow]Lance Winslow
Underwater robotic vehicles hold a lot of promise for our nation's military. After all, why have a nuclear submarine filled with people if you can have one that is filled with artificial intelligent systems running everything. The voyages can last a lot longer, as they don't have to stop for food, or deal with the people aboard. So it only makes sense in the future that the U.S. Navy will have robotic submarines, which will most likely be smaller as they do not need living quarters and they will be able to do things that are submarine force cannot do right now.
Indeed, there will be all sorts of robotic submarine evasion strategies, which can go along with these new vessels. When a Navy nuclear submarine goes on a voyage no one really knows where it is, this is because "loose lips sink ships" and if no one knows where the submarine is, no one can give away its location. Of course the captain of the submarine knows where the submarine is, and his job is to get lost to the world, and then do his mission.
Robotic submarines could have sophisticated algorithms based on ocean water flows, and random sequencing to get themselves lost, and put themselves in, and unexpected, unanticipated, and unknown location at all times. Further, Navy robotic submarines could hide behind ocean going vessels in their wake, or ride up alongside of them. They could shadow a tanker only a few meters from the hull of the ship and be completely cloaked to underwater sonars.
It is even possible that a robotic submarine could shadow a large vessel through the Suez Canal, or other channels, choke points, and even perhaps through the Panama Canal. Now you might say that's far-fetched, but right now we have already produced software which will allow a Navy fighter plane to land on a ship on autopilot. We have also already landed an unmanned aerial vehicle upon a Navy ship or aircraft carrier. We have robotic helicopters which have been doing this for quite a while.
Therefore, I think it would be premature to dismiss this ability, or potential tactic in the future. Not only that, it would be cheaper to produce robotic submarines and autonomous underwater vehicles, and safer. As you could produce lots of smaller units, therefore if one was found out or sunk, the rest could take care of the mission, in a net-centric swarm warfare tactical advantage. Indeed it is my hope that you will please consider all this and develop these future robotic military subs.
Lance Winslow has launched a new provocative series of eBooks on [http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Ddigital-text&field-keywords=Lance+Winslow#/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Ddigital-text&field-keywords=Future+Concepts&rh=n%3A133140011%2Ck%3AFuture+Concepts]Future Concepts. Lance Winslow is a retired Founder of a Nationwide Franchise Chain, and now runs the Online Think Tank; http://www.worldthinktank.net
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?Navy-Robotic-Submarine-Evasion-Strategy-Considered&id=6650137] Navy Robotic Submarine Evasion Strategy Considered
Wednesday, November 30, 2011
Monday, November 28, 2011
CDRL: Contract Data Requirements Lists and Military Contracts
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jerry_O_Smith]Jerry O Smith
CDRL is Contract Data Requirements List. To explain it in simple terms, it is a list of documents that are usually associated with the US military. It is a list of information that is required for a military contract. A CDRL is explained in the Part Three of a US soldier military contract, explained under Section-J. It includes a numeric identification number which is to be kept secret. Other things that include in the contract include data item description number and also a delivery code. Military documents are often stored in the form of wired cables. So, most of the information is passed electronically. Electronic addresses are also encrypted in it so that it can transfer electronic data within short periods of time.
A Contract Data Requirements List is a list of all important data required for the contract. Usually, it contains three items, the data item description number, the data item title and the data item approval code.
The Data Item Description number or DID is one that describes the data item content. It also provides specific information when necessary. A data item approval code is further subdivided into Code A, Code I and Code S. These codes are approved by NASA. Any changes to the approval code must have consent from NASA. The Aeronautical and Space Agency will go through the changes and will rectify any errors in them.
Several rules and regulations bind CDRLs. According to the rule, a contractor is supposed to deliver documents only according to the contract requirement. All documents that are in the form of electronic cables must be transferred in to the electronic storage box under the American federal government.
A CDRL contains an array of things, each having its own sections and sub-sections. It includes contents under the actual Contractual Data, contents under Program Management and those under Product Assurance and Requirements.
All CDRLs undergo significant changes during a particular period of time. Considerable changes are also made when a government replaces another. Similar modifications to it are also made during emergency and war situations. Hence it will impossible to keep a constant report on a Contract Data Requirement List. Proper management and updating of CDRLs will help in significantly reducing mistakes and reduce burdens. This will also help in managing all military contracts in better way and also increase visibility among counterparts and will serve for effective communication between military and government officials.
The [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/cdrl.aspx]CDRL or [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/cdrl.aspx]contract data requirements list is key to understanding how the military procures its equipment. If you're involved with military contracts, you need to check out our website to learn more about this complex area.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?CDRL:-Contract-Data-Requirements-Lists-and-Military-Contracts&id=6649985] CDRL: Contract Data Requirements Lists and Military Contracts
CDRL is Contract Data Requirements List. To explain it in simple terms, it is a list of documents that are usually associated with the US military. It is a list of information that is required for a military contract. A CDRL is explained in the Part Three of a US soldier military contract, explained under Section-J. It includes a numeric identification number which is to be kept secret. Other things that include in the contract include data item description number and also a delivery code. Military documents are often stored in the form of wired cables. So, most of the information is passed electronically. Electronic addresses are also encrypted in it so that it can transfer electronic data within short periods of time.
A Contract Data Requirements List is a list of all important data required for the contract. Usually, it contains three items, the data item description number, the data item title and the data item approval code.
The Data Item Description number or DID is one that describes the data item content. It also provides specific information when necessary. A data item approval code is further subdivided into Code A, Code I and Code S. These codes are approved by NASA. Any changes to the approval code must have consent from NASA. The Aeronautical and Space Agency will go through the changes and will rectify any errors in them.
Several rules and regulations bind CDRLs. According to the rule, a contractor is supposed to deliver documents only according to the contract requirement. All documents that are in the form of electronic cables must be transferred in to the electronic storage box under the American federal government.
A CDRL contains an array of things, each having its own sections and sub-sections. It includes contents under the actual Contractual Data, contents under Program Management and those under Product Assurance and Requirements.
All CDRLs undergo significant changes during a particular period of time. Considerable changes are also made when a government replaces another. Similar modifications to it are also made during emergency and war situations. Hence it will impossible to keep a constant report on a Contract Data Requirement List. Proper management and updating of CDRLs will help in significantly reducing mistakes and reduce burdens. This will also help in managing all military contracts in better way and also increase visibility among counterparts and will serve for effective communication between military and government officials.
The [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/cdrl.aspx]CDRL or [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/cdrl.aspx]contract data requirements list is key to understanding how the military procures its equipment. If you're involved with military contracts, you need to check out our website to learn more about this complex area.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?CDRL:-Contract-Data-Requirements-Lists-and-Military-Contracts&id=6649985] CDRL: Contract Data Requirements Lists and Military Contracts
Saturday, November 26, 2011
The Defense Logistic Agency: Navigating Your Way Through the Maze
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jeremy_B_Thompson]Jeremy B Thompson
Navigating your way through the maze that is the defence logistics agency is no easy task. But it can be done! First you need to understand that the defence logistics agency (or DLA for short) is the largest logistics combat support agency operated by the Department of Defense (otherwise known as the DoD).
What exactly does that mean? In layman's terms (kind of) the defence logistics agency obtains, manages, stores, and distributes almost every conceivable consumable item the military needs to operate. Which - if you're counting - totals more than 5 million different items of one type of another.
And if you think its easy navigating your way through this multi-layered retail outlet during peacetime, just imagine what it is like operating during times of conflict! Add to that a laundry list of civilian agencies and foreign countries and you certainly do have a maze of bureaucracy and red tape that is difficult to navigate through. Yet for all its perceived quagmires, the Defense Logistics Agency runs quite smoothly. No easy feat when your work staff totals more than 26,000 men and women.
The Defense Logistics Agency: Four Easy Pieces
In order for the Defense Logistics Agency to do what it does so efficiently, the organization is divided into 4 supply chains located at different locations across the US and split up into the supply categories of Aeronautics, Land/Sea, Medical and Energy, which is further broken down into consumable items such as food, fuel and energy, to uniforms, medical supplies, and construction equipment.
And by the way, as a global enterprise, it can be said that wherever the United States has a military presence, the defense logistic agency is likely there as well, making the world's largest retail outlet "chain".
As confusing as that sounds, the way the DLA operates makes perfect sense. Narrow your focus a little bit more and you can see that the defense logistic agency is servicing actual individuals. Specifically providing logistics support and technical services to the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps and a variety of other federal agencies.
DLA: Impressive Numbers for an Impressive Mission
Next time you start to gurgle with "oohhhhhh's" and "aaaahhhh's" because you're so impressed with your favorite retail outlet and how they do business, take a step back and look at how the DLA does business:
- The Agency sources and provides nearly 100 percent of the consumable items America's military forces need to operate.
- In fiscal year 2010 the DLA provided over $28 billion dollars in sales and over $41 billion dollars worth of services. That places DLA in the top 10 percentile of the Fortune 500 best run businesses!
A maze to navigate through? Certainly. But in terms of sales volume, return business and amount of customers the defense logistics agency is an amazing operation.
The [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/home.aspx]Defense Logistic Agency is a complicated part of the US government. If your role involves negotiating contracts with the military, check out our website to learn more about this key function.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?The-Defense-Logistic-Agency:-Navigating-Your-Way-Through-the-Maze&id=6649993] The Defense Logistic Agency: Navigating Your Way Through the Maze
Navigating your way through the maze that is the defence logistics agency is no easy task. But it can be done! First you need to understand that the defence logistics agency (or DLA for short) is the largest logistics combat support agency operated by the Department of Defense (otherwise known as the DoD).
What exactly does that mean? In layman's terms (kind of) the defence logistics agency obtains, manages, stores, and distributes almost every conceivable consumable item the military needs to operate. Which - if you're counting - totals more than 5 million different items of one type of another.
And if you think its easy navigating your way through this multi-layered retail outlet during peacetime, just imagine what it is like operating during times of conflict! Add to that a laundry list of civilian agencies and foreign countries and you certainly do have a maze of bureaucracy and red tape that is difficult to navigate through. Yet for all its perceived quagmires, the Defense Logistics Agency runs quite smoothly. No easy feat when your work staff totals more than 26,000 men and women.
The Defense Logistics Agency: Four Easy Pieces
In order for the Defense Logistics Agency to do what it does so efficiently, the organization is divided into 4 supply chains located at different locations across the US and split up into the supply categories of Aeronautics, Land/Sea, Medical and Energy, which is further broken down into consumable items such as food, fuel and energy, to uniforms, medical supplies, and construction equipment.
And by the way, as a global enterprise, it can be said that wherever the United States has a military presence, the defense logistic agency is likely there as well, making the world's largest retail outlet "chain".
As confusing as that sounds, the way the DLA operates makes perfect sense. Narrow your focus a little bit more and you can see that the defense logistic agency is servicing actual individuals. Specifically providing logistics support and technical services to the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps and a variety of other federal agencies.
DLA: Impressive Numbers for an Impressive Mission
Next time you start to gurgle with "oohhhhhh's" and "aaaahhhh's" because you're so impressed with your favorite retail outlet and how they do business, take a step back and look at how the DLA does business:
- The Agency sources and provides nearly 100 percent of the consumable items America's military forces need to operate.
- In fiscal year 2010 the DLA provided over $28 billion dollars in sales and over $41 billion dollars worth of services. That places DLA in the top 10 percentile of the Fortune 500 best run businesses!
A maze to navigate through? Certainly. But in terms of sales volume, return business and amount of customers the defense logistics agency is an amazing operation.
The [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/home.aspx]Defense Logistic Agency is a complicated part of the US government. If your role involves negotiating contracts with the military, check out our website to learn more about this key function.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?The-Defense-Logistic-Agency:-Navigating-Your-Way-Through-the-Maze&id=6649993] The Defense Logistic Agency: Navigating Your Way Through the Maze
Thursday, November 24, 2011
The Defense Acquisition Guidebook
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jerry_O_Smith]Jerry O Smith
The Defense Acquisition Guidebook has had a lot of changes made to it lately. With the economy being in the condition that it is in, and with the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan having cost the United States billions of dollars it has been decided that the Department of Defense must cut their spending drastically. Aside from wars, most of the spending done by the government has been for defense contracts. These contracts are given out to local and foreign companies to help improve the conditions of the United States armies. However, lately the problem is that many of these contracts have been over-valued and have under-performed. A lot of money has been spent and not a lot of results have come out of it.
That is why the Defense Acquisition Guidebook has been altered by the Secretary of Defense and his undersecretary. Together, they have come up with steps to ensure that at least a billion dollars is cut in the next five to ten years from the military's budget. This can only be achieved by letting go of the most expensive contracts that are not producing results. These contracts are mostly those that were looking to see returns in the distant future. Some of them are contracts that will not see weapons produced until 2020, or something of the sort. Yet for years no progress has been made and they have been canceled.
From now on, every defense contract that is undertaken by the government will only be done so if there are clear indications that it is necessary. For example, there are plenty of drones in the military so a new contract to produce better, more advanced drones is not a high priority. While it may be in the future, a trillion dollar deficit demands that these things are left aside for now. They may have been feasible in the past but in an era of cost cutting they are not.
Another aspect that must be altered is the amount of money that was given out to foreign sub contractors. This was done in Afghanistan and Iraq, and almost no results came from it. These sub contractors were locals, or people from the region, who would then coordinate with local companies to get the work done that was required. The mistake was made to trust them instead of American companies, and that mistake must not be made in the future. Contracts must be made with American companies as that serves two purposes. It helps our economy and the work done is more reliable and there is greater accountability.
Understanding the [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/defense-acquisition-guidebook.aspx]Defense Acquisition Guidebook is important in order to successfully navigate the procurement process of the US military. Visit our website to learn more.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?The-Defense-Acquisition-Guidebook&id=6649997] The Defense Acquisition Guidebook
The Defense Acquisition Guidebook has had a lot of changes made to it lately. With the economy being in the condition that it is in, and with the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan having cost the United States billions of dollars it has been decided that the Department of Defense must cut their spending drastically. Aside from wars, most of the spending done by the government has been for defense contracts. These contracts are given out to local and foreign companies to help improve the conditions of the United States armies. However, lately the problem is that many of these contracts have been over-valued and have under-performed. A lot of money has been spent and not a lot of results have come out of it.
That is why the Defense Acquisition Guidebook has been altered by the Secretary of Defense and his undersecretary. Together, they have come up with steps to ensure that at least a billion dollars is cut in the next five to ten years from the military's budget. This can only be achieved by letting go of the most expensive contracts that are not producing results. These contracts are mostly those that were looking to see returns in the distant future. Some of them are contracts that will not see weapons produced until 2020, or something of the sort. Yet for years no progress has been made and they have been canceled.
From now on, every defense contract that is undertaken by the government will only be done so if there are clear indications that it is necessary. For example, there are plenty of drones in the military so a new contract to produce better, more advanced drones is not a high priority. While it may be in the future, a trillion dollar deficit demands that these things are left aside for now. They may have been feasible in the past but in an era of cost cutting they are not.
Another aspect that must be altered is the amount of money that was given out to foreign sub contractors. This was done in Afghanistan and Iraq, and almost no results came from it. These sub contractors were locals, or people from the region, who would then coordinate with local companies to get the work done that was required. The mistake was made to trust them instead of American companies, and that mistake must not be made in the future. Contracts must be made with American companies as that serves two purposes. It helps our economy and the work done is more reliable and there is greater accountability.
Understanding the [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/defense-acquisition-guidebook.aspx]Defense Acquisition Guidebook is important in order to successfully navigate the procurement process of the US military. Visit our website to learn more.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?The-Defense-Acquisition-Guidebook&id=6649997] The Defense Acquisition Guidebook
Tuesday, November 22, 2011
How To Build an Affordable and Efficient Procurement Strategy for Defense Programs
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jeremy_B_Thompson]Jeremy B Thompson
The United State Department of Defense deals with most military contracts. Their aim is to deliver quality equipment and services to their armies, while ensuring that they remain good stewards of taxpayer's money. In light of the attention being given to the Federal deficit and the fact that costs must be cut, procuring affordable and efficient defense programs has become more important.
Defense procurement has always cost the government a lot of money, with many programs running into the hundreds of millions of dollars. Sometimes these programs do not even generate the kinds of results that were expected, making them very expensive experiments that always have a chance of failing. Now, with the economy being close to a second recession and with spending being reduced, it is time for the DoD to ensure that their programs are both viable and cost effective.
DoD procurement has to change, and change quickly. They must ensure that all their defense programs can produce results quickly and efficiently. It is not efficient to have a missile defense program that costs $2 billion dollars but may produce results fifteen or twenty years in the future, and is just as likely to fail. The DPAP, the branch of the DoD that is responsible for contacting and procurement policies, aims to achieve acquisition excellence through good leadership and integrity. This can only be achieved if the right contracts are selected, based on what positives they will bring to the military, as opposed to selecting the most expensive programs.
A lot of time, DoD procurement focuses on big money projects that steal the limelight and show the might of the United States military. That is all well and good, but with the country needing to balance budgets, the right policy would be to only have DoD contracts that are necessary, legitimate, and will bring immediate benefit to the military. Signing another weapons contract when the army already has plenty of weapons and missiles is a mistake. It may be more important to focus on other areas where the military is lacking.
A major source of concern for the United States is the amount of money that was paid to contractors and sub contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq. Close to $20 billion of defense procurement contract money has been paid out over the years, and very little returns have been seen. While it is easier to pay sub contractors who will do the job locally, these instances should prove to the government that it might be better to give these contracts to United States companies that can be trusted to do a good job, or at least not take the government's money if they know the job cannot be done.
The U.S. military is a steward of their taxpayers' money, as their mission statement suggests, and they must use this money with care. [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/defense-procurement.aspx]Defense Procurement is changing due to new budget constraints forced on the military by the American people and Congress. Visit our website to learn how.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?How-To-Build-an-Affordable-and-Efficient-Procurement-Strategy-for-Defense-Programs&id=6650014] How To Build an Affordable and Efficient Procurement Strategy for Defense Programs
The United State Department of Defense deals with most military contracts. Their aim is to deliver quality equipment and services to their armies, while ensuring that they remain good stewards of taxpayer's money. In light of the attention being given to the Federal deficit and the fact that costs must be cut, procuring affordable and efficient defense programs has become more important.
Defense procurement has always cost the government a lot of money, with many programs running into the hundreds of millions of dollars. Sometimes these programs do not even generate the kinds of results that were expected, making them very expensive experiments that always have a chance of failing. Now, with the economy being close to a second recession and with spending being reduced, it is time for the DoD to ensure that their programs are both viable and cost effective.
DoD procurement has to change, and change quickly. They must ensure that all their defense programs can produce results quickly and efficiently. It is not efficient to have a missile defense program that costs $2 billion dollars but may produce results fifteen or twenty years in the future, and is just as likely to fail. The DPAP, the branch of the DoD that is responsible for contacting and procurement policies, aims to achieve acquisition excellence through good leadership and integrity. This can only be achieved if the right contracts are selected, based on what positives they will bring to the military, as opposed to selecting the most expensive programs.
A lot of time, DoD procurement focuses on big money projects that steal the limelight and show the might of the United States military. That is all well and good, but with the country needing to balance budgets, the right policy would be to only have DoD contracts that are necessary, legitimate, and will bring immediate benefit to the military. Signing another weapons contract when the army already has plenty of weapons and missiles is a mistake. It may be more important to focus on other areas where the military is lacking.
A major source of concern for the United States is the amount of money that was paid to contractors and sub contractors in Afghanistan and Iraq. Close to $20 billion of defense procurement contract money has been paid out over the years, and very little returns have been seen. While it is easier to pay sub contractors who will do the job locally, these instances should prove to the government that it might be better to give these contracts to United States companies that can be trusted to do a good job, or at least not take the government's money if they know the job cannot be done.
The U.S. military is a steward of their taxpayers' money, as their mission statement suggests, and they must use this money with care. [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/defense-procurement.aspx]Defense Procurement is changing due to new budget constraints forced on the military by the American people and Congress. Visit our website to learn how.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?How-To-Build-an-Affordable-and-Efficient-Procurement-Strategy-for-Defense-Programs&id=6650014] How To Build an Affordable and Efficient Procurement Strategy for Defense Programs
Sunday, November 20, 2011
Defense Logistics: Challenges and Opportunities in 2011
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jerry_O_Smith]Jerry O Smith
The main 2011 logistic challenge and opportunity for U.S. forces is finding new methods to implement cost savings without reducing the service performance. Acquisition programs need to be designed to acquire new equipment without delaying or eliminating deliveries to the forces in the field. Programs need to ensure equipment being used is withdrawn before life cycle expiration. The air force medical logistics teams are looking at methods to ensure the safety of our forces while simultaneously dealing with imposed budgets designed to save money.
Best practices in this effort include consolidating and improving supply chain management while planning provisions to accommodate performance through a single point supporting the full range of military operations. The air force medical logistics team consist of subject matter experts combined with contractor support and material management, which is responsible for identifying system readiness and equipment nearing expiration of life cycles. Systems are being used to track environmental conditions and extraordinary operational duties, reduce redundancy, and improve supply rate efficiency by 34 percent. The objectives are to increase equipment availability by 20 percent and decrease the costs of operations and support functions by 10 percent during the 2011 fiscal year.
Defense logistics teams have been assigned three primary functions: planning for wide enterprise, material maintenance and distribution. The centers exercise command and control from a single point with strategies to reduce personnel costs and maintain functionality of operational executions. Supply chain management will operate under best practices, observing business regulations; their procedures need to meet supply chain system assessments. The procedures are intended to identify needed performance improvement, submitting metrics and analyzed capabilities for review. Concepts will be adapted, and change management, risk mitigation, and planning will be integrated. Supply chain organizations are using enhanced information technology systems with program goals capable of reaching target defense logistic improvements by 2012. Defense logistics teams will be working from multiple support locations performing services with precision to align the entire air force medical logistics supply chain process.
Changes ahead for logistical support of military operations are linked to technologies assisting with responses to unavoidable strategic risks. Immediate stability ensures air force logistics capability of dealing with unpredictable actions with deliberate and practical responses. Instability from all corners of the world is the largest challenge of managing military logistics in new environments with armed conflicts and maintaining global security to support the military's ability to deliver equipment on time. [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/home.aspx]Defense Logistics is a complicated area of the government's procurement activities. If you're tasked with [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/defense.aspx]air force medical logistics in your organization, visit our website to learn more about this topic.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?Defense-Logistics:-Challenges-and-Opportunities-in-2011&id=6649973] Defense Logistics: Challenges and Opportunities in 2011
The main 2011 logistic challenge and opportunity for U.S. forces is finding new methods to implement cost savings without reducing the service performance. Acquisition programs need to be designed to acquire new equipment without delaying or eliminating deliveries to the forces in the field. Programs need to ensure equipment being used is withdrawn before life cycle expiration. The air force medical logistics teams are looking at methods to ensure the safety of our forces while simultaneously dealing with imposed budgets designed to save money.
Best practices in this effort include consolidating and improving supply chain management while planning provisions to accommodate performance through a single point supporting the full range of military operations. The air force medical logistics team consist of subject matter experts combined with contractor support and material management, which is responsible for identifying system readiness and equipment nearing expiration of life cycles. Systems are being used to track environmental conditions and extraordinary operational duties, reduce redundancy, and improve supply rate efficiency by 34 percent. The objectives are to increase equipment availability by 20 percent and decrease the costs of operations and support functions by 10 percent during the 2011 fiscal year.
Defense logistics teams have been assigned three primary functions: planning for wide enterprise, material maintenance and distribution. The centers exercise command and control from a single point with strategies to reduce personnel costs and maintain functionality of operational executions. Supply chain management will operate under best practices, observing business regulations; their procedures need to meet supply chain system assessments. The procedures are intended to identify needed performance improvement, submitting metrics and analyzed capabilities for review. Concepts will be adapted, and change management, risk mitigation, and planning will be integrated. Supply chain organizations are using enhanced information technology systems with program goals capable of reaching target defense logistic improvements by 2012. Defense logistics teams will be working from multiple support locations performing services with precision to align the entire air force medical logistics supply chain process.
Changes ahead for logistical support of military operations are linked to technologies assisting with responses to unavoidable strategic risks. Immediate stability ensures air force logistics capability of dealing with unpredictable actions with deliberate and practical responses. Instability from all corners of the world is the largest challenge of managing military logistics in new environments with armed conflicts and maintaining global security to support the military's ability to deliver equipment on time. [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/home.aspx]Defense Logistics is a complicated area of the government's procurement activities. If you're tasked with [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/defense.aspx]air force medical logistics in your organization, visit our website to learn more about this topic.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?Defense-Logistics:-Challenges-and-Opportunities-in-2011&id=6649973] Defense Logistics: Challenges and Opportunities in 2011
Friday, November 18, 2011
Base Realigment and Closure Updates and Their Impact on Logistics
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jeremy_B_Thompson]Jeremy B Thompson
Base Realignment and Closure, which is also known as BRAC, is a United States Federal government procedure to close or realign all military installations that are deemed superfluous or which don't make any significant contribution anymore due to various factors. The BRAC recommends either closing or realigning these installations by overcoming the usual political and military challenges that are faced whenever there are attempts made to reduce or eliminate long-standing institutions. A military set-up can require millions of dollars annually; therefore members of Congress will often put up a stiff fight against such closing them down.
The last BRAC process was initiated in 2005 when the Pentagon released a list of military centers approved for the BRAC process. This commission also suggested that the next round of BRAC processes should be authorized in 2015 and from there on, a BRAC initiative must be conducted every 8 years.
The Base Realignment and Closure initiative has, for its primary goal, the saving Department money by creating efficiencies and reducing overhead. But, as is normal with such types of plans, there is a price to be paid in terms of relocating or replacing the employees; perhaps even the demolition of buildings or rehabilitation of buildings.
In support of the BRAC initiative, many contracts have been awarded to a large number of contractors who help with relocation of personnel, equipment and also perform the function of Information Technology management during the handover process as well as other service providers like housekeeping services.
Although the Base Realignment and Closures process is feared by many because of its potential to create unemployment and the strenuous efforts needed to implement a viable plan to reuse or repurpose bases, research has demonstrated that these realignment and closure procedures do not have the extreme effects feared by many communities. The impact could be less than expected because unlike other major employers, military installations could be considered to be relatively isolated units and therefore economic entities which spend their dollars outside the community where it's located, spending income on the base rather than in the local community. However, in rural areas, the impact could be higher and the economic recovery process slower.
Local government expenditure and services can be adversely affected due to the base realignment and closure initiatives and goals. This of course depends on the magnitude to which the military base is integrated into the local community's fiscal planning.
The [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/base-realignment-and-closure.aspx]Base Realignment and Closure commission made a huge impact on military spending in the USA. Visit our website to learn more.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?Base-Realigment-and-Closure-Updates-and-Their-Impact-on-Logistics&id=6649981] Base Realigment and Closure Updates and Their Impact on Logistics
Base Realignment and Closure, which is also known as BRAC, is a United States Federal government procedure to close or realign all military installations that are deemed superfluous or which don't make any significant contribution anymore due to various factors. The BRAC recommends either closing or realigning these installations by overcoming the usual political and military challenges that are faced whenever there are attempts made to reduce or eliminate long-standing institutions. A military set-up can require millions of dollars annually; therefore members of Congress will often put up a stiff fight against such closing them down.
The last BRAC process was initiated in 2005 when the Pentagon released a list of military centers approved for the BRAC process. This commission also suggested that the next round of BRAC processes should be authorized in 2015 and from there on, a BRAC initiative must be conducted every 8 years.
The Base Realignment and Closure initiative has, for its primary goal, the saving Department money by creating efficiencies and reducing overhead. But, as is normal with such types of plans, there is a price to be paid in terms of relocating or replacing the employees; perhaps even the demolition of buildings or rehabilitation of buildings.
In support of the BRAC initiative, many contracts have been awarded to a large number of contractors who help with relocation of personnel, equipment and also perform the function of Information Technology management during the handover process as well as other service providers like housekeeping services.
Although the Base Realignment and Closures process is feared by many because of its potential to create unemployment and the strenuous efforts needed to implement a viable plan to reuse or repurpose bases, research has demonstrated that these realignment and closure procedures do not have the extreme effects feared by many communities. The impact could be less than expected because unlike other major employers, military installations could be considered to be relatively isolated units and therefore economic entities which spend their dollars outside the community where it's located, spending income on the base rather than in the local community. However, in rural areas, the impact could be higher and the economic recovery process slower.
Local government expenditure and services can be adversely affected due to the base realignment and closure initiatives and goals. This of course depends on the magnitude to which the military base is integrated into the local community's fiscal planning.
The [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/base-realignment-and-closure.aspx]Base Realignment and Closure commission made a huge impact on military spending in the USA. Visit our website to learn more.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?Base-Realigment-and-Closure-Updates-and-Their-Impact-on-Logistics&id=6649981] Base Realigment and Closure Updates and Their Impact on Logistics
Wednesday, November 16, 2011
How To Build Affordability Into Defense Contracts
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jeremy_B_Thompson]Jeremy B Thompson
In today's economic situation, the affordability of weapons systems development projects must be taken into careful consideration. Already, defense contracts are being drawn up with this in mind and many defense contractors are incorporating affordability initiatives into their program development plans. Recently, in an address to defense industry executives, the Pentagon's chief weapons purchaser gave the clear message that affordability will be the new mantra in new weapons programs like the SSBN-X, the ground combat vehicle and long range strike capabilities weapons.
This is because the days of over-sized defense budgets are long gone. As long as the funds gushed in the last two decades, there was plenty of waste and abuse of these budgets. Now, the defense industry will, like any other competitive industry, get "incentivized" to bring in more productivity and efficiency. This is a good thing, as the security of our nation depends on this efficiency.
Defense contractors will now have to think about adapting to the same changes that made the prices of products and services gradually drop in the private sector. Carter's line of reasoning - "Your computer costs less every year, why not defense weapons?"
This new approach is certain to lead to a lot fewer cost-plus contracts and fixed price contracts will be more encouraged. The fact that the government has agreed to cut the planned defense budget over 12 years by $400 billion is sure to affect defense contractors.
There are four basic ways to build affordability into defense contracts. The first is to initiate better management of costs and affordability through improved understanding and management of requirements, schedules and incentives. Two aspects of an affordability initiative are product improvement and process improvements. By adapting new manufacturing methods or materials to enhance the final product and by incorporating changes in detailed production plans, a new workflow can build affordability into defense contracts.
Another way of building affordability into defense contracts is to promote greater competition as well as getting rid of redundant capabilities and more direct acquisition management at all levels. This will also constitute removing obstacles to competition. Negotiation of all single bid offers through cost or price analysis and also through non-certified data will go a long way towards encouraging competition. Evaluation criteria and the time taken for evaluation also must be improved so as to promote real competition. Competition can also be enhanced by requiring more frequent reevaluations of knowledge-based services.
Are you involved with negotiating [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/defense-contracts.aspx]defense contracts? We tackle this complex area on our website, so why not check us out?
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?How-To-Build-Affordability-Into-Defense-Contracts&id=6650003] How To Build Affordability Into Defense Contracts
In today's economic situation, the affordability of weapons systems development projects must be taken into careful consideration. Already, defense contracts are being drawn up with this in mind and many defense contractors are incorporating affordability initiatives into their program development plans. Recently, in an address to defense industry executives, the Pentagon's chief weapons purchaser gave the clear message that affordability will be the new mantra in new weapons programs like the SSBN-X, the ground combat vehicle and long range strike capabilities weapons.
This is because the days of over-sized defense budgets are long gone. As long as the funds gushed in the last two decades, there was plenty of waste and abuse of these budgets. Now, the defense industry will, like any other competitive industry, get "incentivized" to bring in more productivity and efficiency. This is a good thing, as the security of our nation depends on this efficiency.
Defense contractors will now have to think about adapting to the same changes that made the prices of products and services gradually drop in the private sector. Carter's line of reasoning - "Your computer costs less every year, why not defense weapons?"
This new approach is certain to lead to a lot fewer cost-plus contracts and fixed price contracts will be more encouraged. The fact that the government has agreed to cut the planned defense budget over 12 years by $400 billion is sure to affect defense contractors.
There are four basic ways to build affordability into defense contracts. The first is to initiate better management of costs and affordability through improved understanding and management of requirements, schedules and incentives. Two aspects of an affordability initiative are product improvement and process improvements. By adapting new manufacturing methods or materials to enhance the final product and by incorporating changes in detailed production plans, a new workflow can build affordability into defense contracts.
Another way of building affordability into defense contracts is to promote greater competition as well as getting rid of redundant capabilities and more direct acquisition management at all levels. This will also constitute removing obstacles to competition. Negotiation of all single bid offers through cost or price analysis and also through non-certified data will go a long way towards encouraging competition. Evaluation criteria and the time taken for evaluation also must be improved so as to promote real competition. Competition can also be enhanced by requiring more frequent reevaluations of knowledge-based services.
Are you involved with negotiating [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/defense-contracts.aspx]defense contracts? We tackle this complex area on our website, so why not check us out?
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?How-To-Build-Affordability-Into-Defense-Contracts&id=6650003] How To Build Affordability Into Defense Contracts
Monday, November 14, 2011
Affordability and DoD Contracts
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jerry_O_Smith]Jerry O Smith
Affordability plays a huge role in the contracts the Department of Defense (DoD) signs for various projects. This DoD acquisition process is now regulated by new laws that were enacted by the government recently. Defense Secretary's $101 billion "efficiency initiative" was created in order to ensure that the Department of Defense makes as many savings as it possibly can in the coming years, in line with the spending cuts that the entire country is trying to push through. Every military service has now been required to find $2 billion of savings in 2012, $3 billion in 2013, and $5 billion by 2014. The list goes on, until 2016 when $10 billion of savings should be achieved by the United States military and its various branches. These savings will fund military pay and benefits as well as weapons acquisition programs.
The fact is that DoD acquisition contracts are now directly linked to how much money they can save. The country has created a deficit of almost $2 trillion and can no longer frivolously spend on defense contracts that the army sees fit to enact. Only money that is being saved can be spent. While Gates came up with a good savings plan, Ashton Carter, Undersecretary of Defense for Acquisition, came up with further contracting reforms to save the military money.
The first principle Carter brought into law is that affordability is as important as technical capability when it comes making decisions about weapons programs, such as the Army Ground Combat Vehicles and the Air Force Long Range Strike Missiles. Any programs that are not financially viable must be let go of and all programs must strictly comply with regulations that inhibit spending on new equipments and maintaining current ones.
Similarly, there are now portfolio capability reviews that will be conducted to ensure that any program that is redundant is let go. The Air Force's Multi-Platform Radar Technology Insertion Program is one that is particularly at risk of being shut down for its huge costs and limited effectiveness. The Army's Medium Extended Air Defense System is also being threatened, because shutting down these and a few other programs could save the army billions of dollars. They are looking to find programs that cost between $10 to $12 million each and do not rip holes in the United States Treasury's budget.
There are other policies as well, and these are merely two examples of how both the Defense Secretary and his undersecretary are striving to reduce United States Military spending, especially in the DoD acquisition process, while still maintaining our status as the primary army in the world.
The [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/dod-acquisition-process.aspx]DoD acquisition process has changed significantly since the implementation of new directives and budgets. Browse our website for information about this important trend.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?Affordability-and-DoD-Contracts&id=6650027] Affordability and DoD Contracts
Affordability plays a huge role in the contracts the Department of Defense (DoD) signs for various projects. This DoD acquisition process is now regulated by new laws that were enacted by the government recently. Defense Secretary's $101 billion "efficiency initiative" was created in order to ensure that the Department of Defense makes as many savings as it possibly can in the coming years, in line with the spending cuts that the entire country is trying to push through. Every military service has now been required to find $2 billion of savings in 2012, $3 billion in 2013, and $5 billion by 2014. The list goes on, until 2016 when $10 billion of savings should be achieved by the United States military and its various branches. These savings will fund military pay and benefits as well as weapons acquisition programs.
The fact is that DoD acquisition contracts are now directly linked to how much money they can save. The country has created a deficit of almost $2 trillion and can no longer frivolously spend on defense contracts that the army sees fit to enact. Only money that is being saved can be spent. While Gates came up with a good savings plan, Ashton Carter, Undersecretary of Defense for Acquisition, came up with further contracting reforms to save the military money.
The first principle Carter brought into law is that affordability is as important as technical capability when it comes making decisions about weapons programs, such as the Army Ground Combat Vehicles and the Air Force Long Range Strike Missiles. Any programs that are not financially viable must be let go of and all programs must strictly comply with regulations that inhibit spending on new equipments and maintaining current ones.
Similarly, there are now portfolio capability reviews that will be conducted to ensure that any program that is redundant is let go. The Air Force's Multi-Platform Radar Technology Insertion Program is one that is particularly at risk of being shut down for its huge costs and limited effectiveness. The Army's Medium Extended Air Defense System is also being threatened, because shutting down these and a few other programs could save the army billions of dollars. They are looking to find programs that cost between $10 to $12 million each and do not rip holes in the United States Treasury's budget.
There are other policies as well, and these are merely two examples of how both the Defense Secretary and his undersecretary are striving to reduce United States Military spending, especially in the DoD acquisition process, while still maintaining our status as the primary army in the world.
The [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/dod-acquisition-process.aspx]DoD acquisition process has changed significantly since the implementation of new directives and budgets. Browse our website for information about this important trend.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?Affordability-and-DoD-Contracts&id=6650027] Affordability and DoD Contracts
Saturday, November 12, 2011
UAVs to Monitor Iran's Nuclear Weapons Enrichment Program and Testing
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Lance_Winslow]Lance Winslow
Okay so, apparently, the old CIA assessment of Iran and their nuclear enrichment program to make nuclear weapons was wrong, and the Iranians didn't actually stop those centrifuges. Of course, that wouldn't be the first time the CIA assessments of a foreign government's WMD program was incorrect. See that point.
Now then, let's let bygones be bygones and consider where we are today. Is there a way we can for sure know that Iran has stopped enriching uranium? Hard to say if we can be 100% accurate using satellites, or other intelligence, but I have another idea for this.
First, however, I'd like to state that I feel the answer to this issue is somewhat irrelevant, and that pre-emption is more than justified NOW, as Iran has been funding terrorist organizations, Hamas and Hezbollah and that is well known. Further, Iran has assisted in the insurgency in Iraq and Afghanistan, meddling in the stabilizing of those nations.
Let's discuss however a concept on how to do proper surveillance to verify that Iran is or isn't working on nuclear weapons. You see, there are many ways to test for nuclear weapons work - spectral imaging from Satellites, downwind air quality checks using sunlight and UAVs (or micro-air vehicles in grid formation) to gather samples
The NOAA has this technology, they use it for weather data, and/or can use it for collecting pollution particulate. Here is how I would envision this happening;
Small micro-air vehicles can penetrate without detection, like small birds, especially using special materials, upload information to satellite, relay to ship in Arabian Sea. Also we can use Sunlight backdrops and long-range frequency scanning for specific concentrations of various gases released in the enrichment process, as we did with N. Korean from the S. Korean side.
The micro-air vehicles can fly in a grid pattern at the proper altitude to collect the air-samples, then send the data to the satellites if the gases that follow uranium enrichment are present. Even if the MAVs or micro-air vehicles cannot make it back, that's okay, at least we have the data we need, and we can self-destruct these units to prevent them from getting into the hands of the enemy in this case.
It seems that the "trust but verify" concept of the Reagan Administration is completely out the window, as the Iranian leadership has been less-than-forthcoming in the past on this issue, not only with the US, NATO, UN, but also with the IAEA. It's time to verify what we already know, so we can feel good about the decisions we are making, but trust must be earned, unfortunately it hasn't in this case. What's that quote; "Shame on Me?"
Lance Winslow has launched a new provocative series of eBooks on [http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Ddigital-text&field-keywords=Lance+Winslow#/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Ddigital-text&field-keywords=Future+Concepts&rh=n%3A133140011%2Ck%3AFuture+Concepts]Future Concepts. Lance Winslow is a retired Founder of a Nationwide Franchise Chain, and now runs the Online Think Tank; http://www.worldthinktank.net
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?UAVs-to-Monitor-Irans-Nuclear-Weapons-Enrichment-Program-and-Testing&id=6658690] UAVs to Monitor Iran's Nuclear Weapons Enrichment Program and Testing
Okay so, apparently, the old CIA assessment of Iran and their nuclear enrichment program to make nuclear weapons was wrong, and the Iranians didn't actually stop those centrifuges. Of course, that wouldn't be the first time the CIA assessments of a foreign government's WMD program was incorrect. See that point.
Now then, let's let bygones be bygones and consider where we are today. Is there a way we can for sure know that Iran has stopped enriching uranium? Hard to say if we can be 100% accurate using satellites, or other intelligence, but I have another idea for this.
First, however, I'd like to state that I feel the answer to this issue is somewhat irrelevant, and that pre-emption is more than justified NOW, as Iran has been funding terrorist organizations, Hamas and Hezbollah and that is well known. Further, Iran has assisted in the insurgency in Iraq and Afghanistan, meddling in the stabilizing of those nations.
Let's discuss however a concept on how to do proper surveillance to verify that Iran is or isn't working on nuclear weapons. You see, there are many ways to test for nuclear weapons work - spectral imaging from Satellites, downwind air quality checks using sunlight and UAVs (or micro-air vehicles in grid formation) to gather samples
The NOAA has this technology, they use it for weather data, and/or can use it for collecting pollution particulate. Here is how I would envision this happening;
Small micro-air vehicles can penetrate without detection, like small birds, especially using special materials, upload information to satellite, relay to ship in Arabian Sea. Also we can use Sunlight backdrops and long-range frequency scanning for specific concentrations of various gases released in the enrichment process, as we did with N. Korean from the S. Korean side.
The micro-air vehicles can fly in a grid pattern at the proper altitude to collect the air-samples, then send the data to the satellites if the gases that follow uranium enrichment are present. Even if the MAVs or micro-air vehicles cannot make it back, that's okay, at least we have the data we need, and we can self-destruct these units to prevent them from getting into the hands of the enemy in this case.
It seems that the "trust but verify" concept of the Reagan Administration is completely out the window, as the Iranian leadership has been less-than-forthcoming in the past on this issue, not only with the US, NATO, UN, but also with the IAEA. It's time to verify what we already know, so we can feel good about the decisions we are making, but trust must be earned, unfortunately it hasn't in this case. What's that quote; "Shame on Me?"
Lance Winslow has launched a new provocative series of eBooks on [http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Ddigital-text&field-keywords=Lance+Winslow#/ref=nb_sb_noss?url=search-alias%3Ddigital-text&field-keywords=Future+Concepts&rh=n%3A133140011%2Ck%3AFuture+Concepts]Future Concepts. Lance Winslow is a retired Founder of a Nationwide Franchise Chain, and now runs the Online Think Tank; http://www.worldthinktank.net
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?UAVs-to-Monitor-Irans-Nuclear-Weapons-Enrichment-Program-and-Testing&id=6658690] UAVs to Monitor Iran's Nuclear Weapons Enrichment Program and Testing
Thursday, November 10, 2011
The West Coast During World War Two
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Peter_Uzelac]Peter Uzelac
Life on America's West Coast changed dramatically after the December 7, 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. The radical changes enacted after the attack changed how people went about their daily lives and the new laws and social changes that resulted are talked about and debated to this very day.
The driving force behind these changes of course were geographic. Hawaii, while not really next door to California, was close enough for American's to be quite concerned. While you couldn't say there was hysteria, there was a degree of concern about a possible land invasion of the western U.S. While theoretically possible, the probability of such an invasion was low. For the Japanese to carry it out would have been a logistic undertaking like never before. The forces necessary to accomplish such an expedition would have been almost impossible to pull off. The large American population on the west coast along with the terrain would have presented great difficulty. While this was most likely realized by those in our military there were still many other concerns regarding our overall west coast security. One of those concerns were the number of Japanese living on the west coast, mostly in California. Many of these people were Japanese born and had not attained citizenship. On the other hand, many were born on American soil and were indeed U.S. citizens.
The West Coast truly was experiencing a unique situation. Never before had the possibility arisen that the U.S. might be invaded by another nation. You had to have gone back to the War of 1812 for a similar circumstance. The probability of course was small. The Hawaiian Islands would have been taken first and this proved not to be in Japan's game plan. Furthermore, after the Japanese stunning defeat in the Battle of Midway, the tide turned the other way with prospects of an invasion of Japan's home islands. Regardless of the long shot of action being seen on our west coast, there were several other concerns which did emerge.
Anti-Japanese factions, mostly in California, began petitioning the federal government to do something about what they perceived was a security threat. The threat they were alluding to was possible Japanese-American spying and/or sabotage. America's West Coast was home to many naval bases, shipyards and other war related industries. Could a spy secretly radio out American ship movements to submarines positioned off the coast? Could someone sympathetic to Japan's cause sabotage a factory producing war equipment? Both of these were possible. German saboteurs were known to operate on the east coast. Neither of these scenarios were out of the question. In regards to the west coast which had the distinction of being home to thousands of people of Japanese ancestry, the question was..what to do?
The result was Executive Order 9066 signed by President Franklin Roosevelt on February 19, 1942. This order allowed military commanders to designate areas "from which any or all persons may be excluded."This action come without a lot of prodding. After Pearl harbor there had been a great deal of both discrimination and harassment directed at Japanese-Americans. There were signs posted on storefronts, newspaper editorials, student harassment at schools, property destruction and of course some relatively minor acts of violence all directed toward the Japanese-Americans. When Executive Order 9066 was signed into law the federal government ordered 120,000 Japanese-Americans who lived on the West coast to leave their homes and jobs and live in 10 relocation camps in remote areas in the western states. In many of these cases the Japanese who were rounded up lost their homes and belongings while away at the camps. Two-thirds of the people interned were native-born American citizens. To add to their hardship, the Japanese of the west coast were only allowed to bring along a few possessions and in some cases family members were split up in separate camps. The camps were located in the states of Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Oregon, Washington and Wyoming. The conditions at many of these camps were considered poor, especially in regards to medical treatment. The climate itself at many of these western camps was more harsh than what many had been accustomed to on the west coast and this sometimes caused physical problems. To learn more about personal experiences endured by the internees, there are several very good books available at most public libraries that offer detailed accounts. These are quite interesting and revealing stories.
In December 1944, Public Proclamation 21 finally allowed the internees to return home. Some returned back home and started on the road to rebuilding their lives. What they found back home in regards to the property they left behind was another matter. Many lost everything. Others who had been soured by the experience decided to return to Japan. Another interesting fact was that during the entire war only ten people were convicted of spying in the U.S. and none of these were of Japanese ancestry.
During the war years there were several Japanese attacks along the west coast however what occurred are better described as uncoordinated isolated incidents. One was the shelling by a Japanese submarine of an oil platform in Santa Barbara California resulting in some dam but no injuries. The submarine then left the area never to be seen again. Another incident occurred at the mouth of the Columbia River in Oregon when n June 21, 1942 a Japanese submarine fired on Fort Stevens. The only damage sustained was to a baseball field backstop. The submarine followed local fishing boats to avoid minefields. Searchlights spotted the sub but there was no return fire from the Americans mainly because the attack was at night and they chose not to give away their positions by firing. Another hazard to people on the west coast were the incendiary devices which were launched from Japan by balloon and taken to the North American continent by natural wind currents. The first bomb balloon was launched on November 3, 1944. From then until April 1945, the Japanese launched an estimated 9,300 balloons, up to 100 a day. Every month the balloons kept appearing, falling, or being sighted in some 26 states and localities from Mexico all the way to Alaska and as far east as the states of Kansas, Iowa, and Michigan. The goal of this effort was an attempt to set the northwest forests on fire. Most balloons never made it to their destination, and of the ones that did, only a few sporadic small fires resulted which were quickly put out by fire fighters. There was an incident with a balloon which apparently landed in the woods in rural Oregon. A group of children led by a Reverend Mitchell and his wife from Bly, Oregon set out for a Sunday afternoon picnic. While Reverend Mitchell parked the car, his wife and the five children explored the area. The group discovered a device the U.S. government knew about but had kept secret. This was the balloon bomb device. When one of them touched the device, it exploded. The explosion killed Mrs. Mitchell and the five children. The six Oregonians became the only known deaths on the United States mainland from enemy attack during all of World War Two. Records indicate that after the Oregon tragedy that claimed six lives, the federal government made the public aware of these dangerous devices sent over from Japan. On August 20, 1950, the company Weyerhaeuser, who owned the land where the explosion occurred, dedicated a bronze memorial plaque to the six victims. The explosion site is now part of a National Forest Service Recreational Area.
The residents of the west coast were certainly more affected by World War Two than many of their counterparts around the nation. With that being said, there were precautions taken in many other areas. The Galveston, Texas and Louisiana area which was a central shipping point for oil was the target of several German U-Boat attacks. As a result, there were regular blackouts in effect and a concerted effort by the Navy and Coast Guard to hunt for the U-Boats. rel=nofollow [http://westerntrips.blogspot.com/2011/05/galvestons-strategic-world-war-two.html]Galveston's World War Two defenses were quite extensive. The same was the case in San Francisco defenses. Spotter planes were launched from the Alameda Naval Air Station and other bases to patrol the coast. San Francisco defenses also included artillery batteries along both side of the inlet to the Bay.
World War Two presented the west coast with a set of problems never before encountered by the American public. Some of the steps taken were extreme and the program of Japanese internment was certainly one of these. It was a controversial move which is still debated to this day. At it's worse, the internment came about by the efforts of anti-Japanese factions within the non-Asian community. These may have been groups of people who disliked the Japanese presence on the mainland even before Pearl Harbor. At it's best, it was an honest effort by the federal government to react to a situation which it never encountered before.
By Peter Uzelac [http://westerntrips.blogspot.com/]westerntrips.blogspot.com
Peter Uzelac enjoys researching the history of America's West. You can contact him at [mailto:peterstripg@aol.com]peterstripg@aol.com or at westerntrips.blogspot.com
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?The-West-Coast-During-World-War-Two&id=6651854] The West Coast During World War Two
Life on America's West Coast changed dramatically after the December 7, 1941 Japanese surprise attack on Pearl Harbor. The radical changes enacted after the attack changed how people went about their daily lives and the new laws and social changes that resulted are talked about and debated to this very day.
The driving force behind these changes of course were geographic. Hawaii, while not really next door to California, was close enough for American's to be quite concerned. While you couldn't say there was hysteria, there was a degree of concern about a possible land invasion of the western U.S. While theoretically possible, the probability of such an invasion was low. For the Japanese to carry it out would have been a logistic undertaking like never before. The forces necessary to accomplish such an expedition would have been almost impossible to pull off. The large American population on the west coast along with the terrain would have presented great difficulty. While this was most likely realized by those in our military there were still many other concerns regarding our overall west coast security. One of those concerns were the number of Japanese living on the west coast, mostly in California. Many of these people were Japanese born and had not attained citizenship. On the other hand, many were born on American soil and were indeed U.S. citizens.
The West Coast truly was experiencing a unique situation. Never before had the possibility arisen that the U.S. might be invaded by another nation. You had to have gone back to the War of 1812 for a similar circumstance. The probability of course was small. The Hawaiian Islands would have been taken first and this proved not to be in Japan's game plan. Furthermore, after the Japanese stunning defeat in the Battle of Midway, the tide turned the other way with prospects of an invasion of Japan's home islands. Regardless of the long shot of action being seen on our west coast, there were several other concerns which did emerge.
Anti-Japanese factions, mostly in California, began petitioning the federal government to do something about what they perceived was a security threat. The threat they were alluding to was possible Japanese-American spying and/or sabotage. America's West Coast was home to many naval bases, shipyards and other war related industries. Could a spy secretly radio out American ship movements to submarines positioned off the coast? Could someone sympathetic to Japan's cause sabotage a factory producing war equipment? Both of these were possible. German saboteurs were known to operate on the east coast. Neither of these scenarios were out of the question. In regards to the west coast which had the distinction of being home to thousands of people of Japanese ancestry, the question was..what to do?
The result was Executive Order 9066 signed by President Franklin Roosevelt on February 19, 1942. This order allowed military commanders to designate areas "from which any or all persons may be excluded."This action come without a lot of prodding. After Pearl harbor there had been a great deal of both discrimination and harassment directed at Japanese-Americans. There were signs posted on storefronts, newspaper editorials, student harassment at schools, property destruction and of course some relatively minor acts of violence all directed toward the Japanese-Americans. When Executive Order 9066 was signed into law the federal government ordered 120,000 Japanese-Americans who lived on the West coast to leave their homes and jobs and live in 10 relocation camps in remote areas in the western states. In many of these cases the Japanese who were rounded up lost their homes and belongings while away at the camps. Two-thirds of the people interned were native-born American citizens. To add to their hardship, the Japanese of the west coast were only allowed to bring along a few possessions and in some cases family members were split up in separate camps. The camps were located in the states of Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona, Oregon, Washington and Wyoming. The conditions at many of these camps were considered poor, especially in regards to medical treatment. The climate itself at many of these western camps was more harsh than what many had been accustomed to on the west coast and this sometimes caused physical problems. To learn more about personal experiences endured by the internees, there are several very good books available at most public libraries that offer detailed accounts. These are quite interesting and revealing stories.
In December 1944, Public Proclamation 21 finally allowed the internees to return home. Some returned back home and started on the road to rebuilding their lives. What they found back home in regards to the property they left behind was another matter. Many lost everything. Others who had been soured by the experience decided to return to Japan. Another interesting fact was that during the entire war only ten people were convicted of spying in the U.S. and none of these were of Japanese ancestry.
During the war years there were several Japanese attacks along the west coast however what occurred are better described as uncoordinated isolated incidents. One was the shelling by a Japanese submarine of an oil platform in Santa Barbara California resulting in some dam but no injuries. The submarine then left the area never to be seen again. Another incident occurred at the mouth of the Columbia River in Oregon when n June 21, 1942 a Japanese submarine fired on Fort Stevens. The only damage sustained was to a baseball field backstop. The submarine followed local fishing boats to avoid minefields. Searchlights spotted the sub but there was no return fire from the Americans mainly because the attack was at night and they chose not to give away their positions by firing. Another hazard to people on the west coast were the incendiary devices which were launched from Japan by balloon and taken to the North American continent by natural wind currents. The first bomb balloon was launched on November 3, 1944. From then until April 1945, the Japanese launched an estimated 9,300 balloons, up to 100 a day. Every month the balloons kept appearing, falling, or being sighted in some 26 states and localities from Mexico all the way to Alaska and as far east as the states of Kansas, Iowa, and Michigan. The goal of this effort was an attempt to set the northwest forests on fire. Most balloons never made it to their destination, and of the ones that did, only a few sporadic small fires resulted which were quickly put out by fire fighters. There was an incident with a balloon which apparently landed in the woods in rural Oregon. A group of children led by a Reverend Mitchell and his wife from Bly, Oregon set out for a Sunday afternoon picnic. While Reverend Mitchell parked the car, his wife and the five children explored the area. The group discovered a device the U.S. government knew about but had kept secret. This was the balloon bomb device. When one of them touched the device, it exploded. The explosion killed Mrs. Mitchell and the five children. The six Oregonians became the only known deaths on the United States mainland from enemy attack during all of World War Two. Records indicate that after the Oregon tragedy that claimed six lives, the federal government made the public aware of these dangerous devices sent over from Japan. On August 20, 1950, the company Weyerhaeuser, who owned the land where the explosion occurred, dedicated a bronze memorial plaque to the six victims. The explosion site is now part of a National Forest Service Recreational Area.
The residents of the west coast were certainly more affected by World War Two than many of their counterparts around the nation. With that being said, there were precautions taken in many other areas. The Galveston, Texas and Louisiana area which was a central shipping point for oil was the target of several German U-Boat attacks. As a result, there were regular blackouts in effect and a concerted effort by the Navy and Coast Guard to hunt for the U-Boats. rel=nofollow [http://westerntrips.blogspot.com/2011/05/galvestons-strategic-world-war-two.html]Galveston's World War Two defenses were quite extensive. The same was the case in San Francisco defenses. Spotter planes were launched from the Alameda Naval Air Station and other bases to patrol the coast. San Francisco defenses also included artillery batteries along both side of the inlet to the Bay.
World War Two presented the west coast with a set of problems never before encountered by the American public. Some of the steps taken were extreme and the program of Japanese internment was certainly one of these. It was a controversial move which is still debated to this day. At it's worse, the internment came about by the efforts of anti-Japanese factions within the non-Asian community. These may have been groups of people who disliked the Japanese presence on the mainland even before Pearl Harbor. At it's best, it was an honest effort by the federal government to react to a situation which it never encountered before.
By Peter Uzelac [http://westerntrips.blogspot.com/]westerntrips.blogspot.com
Peter Uzelac enjoys researching the history of America's West. You can contact him at [mailto:peterstripg@aol.com]peterstripg@aol.com or at westerntrips.blogspot.com
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?The-West-Coast-During-World-War-Two&id=6651854] The West Coast During World War Two
Tuesday, November 8, 2011
Just a Day of Remembrance?
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jacquie_Hurlbut]Jacquie Hurlbut
There are twenty four military cemeteries on foreign soils that are resting places for our precious blood. Of course, not included are the unmarked graves of those buried where they fell, along with many more lost at sea, and those who rest in our homeland. Add to that sacrifice; fellow Americans who returned home, many injured beyond compare, only to assume the role of law abiding citizens. Upon their return they continued to contribute to society.
America has a long history of fighting battles to free humankind, and to protect all that we Americans hold dear. The emotional cost to our Nation has been heartbreaking, the grief to generations of families, unimaginable, and yet the Military Might of America is forever ready.
How do we repay them and how do we honor their memories, and contributions to us the American people? Is it sufficient to establish a couple of days a year, and then go back to doing what pleases us? How insignificant to give so little time to the fallen. We need to ask ourselves why they served, and for many why they were willing to sacrifice their lives. I feel confident that if asked, the answer would be, "We gave in order to defend the Constitution, the American way of life and Liberty."
And so it is with all our Heroes, so many missed potentials, and "what ifs"... What we do know is that their selfless actions reflect only the best. Individually and collectively the loss of these patriots is ours. To the generations that have already given, to those who even today continue to give and put their lives on the line, make no mistake, present and future generations will never be able to repay you. You are missed, you are to be treasured, and honored not just one day of the year but every day.
The finest way to honor the fallen is to uphold America as intended by the Founding Fathers, when they wrote the Constitution. As patriots, let your voices be heard, in the halls of Congress, let your voices be heard in the schools, let your voices be heard amongst your neighbors, let your voices be heard in cities, towns, and municipalities, all over this great nation. The way to accomplish that is to let your voices be heard by your vote, support your vote with knowledge. Then and only then can we say to those who served and those who sacrificed.
"Rest easy, sleep well my brothers and sisters....Know the line has held, your job is done....Rest easy, sleep well....Others have taken up where you fell, the line has held....Peace, peace, and farewell..."
By Poet: Hugh Wyles.
Jacqueline F Hurlbut, Author, Patriot Heart: A story about Brigadier General George Ashworth Cobham Jr, who was killed at The Battle of Peachtree Creek, Atlanta Georgia. Over 100 letters written from the battlefields that would provide insight, glimpses of his personal life, his view of the war and the battles that he and his men fought. It is true they were from his perspective, a vision which came from a man of faith, an officer, gentleman, patriot, husband, father, son, and brother, who would in due course be called a Hero. See more information at http://libertyandvirtue.com
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?Just-a-Day-of-Remembrance?&id=6659342] Just a Day of Remembrance?
There are twenty four military cemeteries on foreign soils that are resting places for our precious blood. Of course, not included are the unmarked graves of those buried where they fell, along with many more lost at sea, and those who rest in our homeland. Add to that sacrifice; fellow Americans who returned home, many injured beyond compare, only to assume the role of law abiding citizens. Upon their return they continued to contribute to society.
America has a long history of fighting battles to free humankind, and to protect all that we Americans hold dear. The emotional cost to our Nation has been heartbreaking, the grief to generations of families, unimaginable, and yet the Military Might of America is forever ready.
How do we repay them and how do we honor their memories, and contributions to us the American people? Is it sufficient to establish a couple of days a year, and then go back to doing what pleases us? How insignificant to give so little time to the fallen. We need to ask ourselves why they served, and for many why they were willing to sacrifice their lives. I feel confident that if asked, the answer would be, "We gave in order to defend the Constitution, the American way of life and Liberty."
And so it is with all our Heroes, so many missed potentials, and "what ifs"... What we do know is that their selfless actions reflect only the best. Individually and collectively the loss of these patriots is ours. To the generations that have already given, to those who even today continue to give and put their lives on the line, make no mistake, present and future generations will never be able to repay you. You are missed, you are to be treasured, and honored not just one day of the year but every day.
The finest way to honor the fallen is to uphold America as intended by the Founding Fathers, when they wrote the Constitution. As patriots, let your voices be heard, in the halls of Congress, let your voices be heard in the schools, let your voices be heard amongst your neighbors, let your voices be heard in cities, towns, and municipalities, all over this great nation. The way to accomplish that is to let your voices be heard by your vote, support your vote with knowledge. Then and only then can we say to those who served and those who sacrificed.
"Rest easy, sleep well my brothers and sisters....Know the line has held, your job is done....Rest easy, sleep well....Others have taken up where you fell, the line has held....Peace, peace, and farewell..."
By Poet: Hugh Wyles.
Jacqueline F Hurlbut, Author, Patriot Heart: A story about Brigadier General George Ashworth Cobham Jr, who was killed at The Battle of Peachtree Creek, Atlanta Georgia. Over 100 letters written from the battlefields that would provide insight, glimpses of his personal life, his view of the war and the battles that he and his men fought. It is true they were from his perspective, a vision which came from a man of faith, an officer, gentleman, patriot, husband, father, son, and brother, who would in due course be called a Hero. See more information at http://libertyandvirtue.com
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?Just-a-Day-of-Remembrance?&id=6659342] Just a Day of Remembrance?
Sunday, November 6, 2011
Brave Fallen Soldier Laid To Rest
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Sandra_J_Anderson]Sandra J Anderson
Last week a fellow instructor, where my husband is a professor, suffered the loss of a nephew who died in Afghanistan. This was devastating news as this man and his wife also suffered the loss of their own son 10 years ago in a car accident. Since this couple had some idea of how to proceed with a funeral, they were asked by the young soldier's family to do all the planning and arrangements for the service and burial of their son who died in military action.
This couple did go ahead and do all that was requested of them even though it brought back all the previous pain from losing their own son. This compliance to family duty was very bravely carried through. The service took place here in Arizona where the soldier and his family lived and then on Monday, October 31st, he was buried at the Arlington Cemetery in Virginia. His name is Michael Elm and if you would consider praying a Rosary for Michael and his family it would be most appreciated.
Praying the Rosary to Ease the Pain of Loss
Praying the Rosary is so healing for all of us who have lost someone during the course of their lives. I had a friend, Susan, who suddenly lost her mother and then two years later she also lost her brother. She was devastated and just didn't know how to go on after losing two very important and close family members within a two-year period. One day she was sitting in her room when a presence came into the room.
She looked up and saw two figures sort of floating in the air in front of her. She was very afraid, but she calmed herself down and stayed in the room to see what was going to happen. The figures were women and she noticed they were wearing scarves over their heads like Mother Mary has done in most of her pictures. One of the women spoke and Susan was shocked to hear her own mother's voice! Her mother told Susan that she was OK and was spending time with Mother Mary who was with her right then and there. Susan was a new Catholic and this was amazing to her that she would be visited by Mother Mary and her own mother!
Susan's mother then spoke to Susan about praying the Rosary every day and how it would sooth her soul more and more each day. Slowly, the two women faded away leaving Susan to think about praying the Rosary. She didn't even own a Rosary yet, but on that very day she went out and bought one and started to pray the Rosary every day. She claims that this practice did ease the pain of her loss bringing great relief. If you are suffering a loss right now, buy a Rosary or take yours out and dust it off and start praying the Rosary. Feel the comfort of the practice and you will be glad you did! I am praying the Rosary for all of you who are suffering today.
~ Sandra Anderson
Sandra Anderson is a designer and creator of custom, handmade rosaries. She makes rosaries with all types of gemstones, pearls, lampwork beads and crystals. You can see her rosaries for sale in all price ranges at => [http://www.frommyheartrosaries.com]http://www.frommyheartrosaries.com. Go and Buy One Now for you and your special loved ones! See the FAQ page for information on our Lay Away Plan.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?Brave-Fallen-Soldier-Laid-To-Rest&id=6670189] Brave Fallen Soldier Laid To Rest
Last week a fellow instructor, where my husband is a professor, suffered the loss of a nephew who died in Afghanistan. This was devastating news as this man and his wife also suffered the loss of their own son 10 years ago in a car accident. Since this couple had some idea of how to proceed with a funeral, they were asked by the young soldier's family to do all the planning and arrangements for the service and burial of their son who died in military action.
This couple did go ahead and do all that was requested of them even though it brought back all the previous pain from losing their own son. This compliance to family duty was very bravely carried through. The service took place here in Arizona where the soldier and his family lived and then on Monday, October 31st, he was buried at the Arlington Cemetery in Virginia. His name is Michael Elm and if you would consider praying a Rosary for Michael and his family it would be most appreciated.
Praying the Rosary to Ease the Pain of Loss
Praying the Rosary is so healing for all of us who have lost someone during the course of their lives. I had a friend, Susan, who suddenly lost her mother and then two years later she also lost her brother. She was devastated and just didn't know how to go on after losing two very important and close family members within a two-year period. One day she was sitting in her room when a presence came into the room.
She looked up and saw two figures sort of floating in the air in front of her. She was very afraid, but she calmed herself down and stayed in the room to see what was going to happen. The figures were women and she noticed they were wearing scarves over their heads like Mother Mary has done in most of her pictures. One of the women spoke and Susan was shocked to hear her own mother's voice! Her mother told Susan that she was OK and was spending time with Mother Mary who was with her right then and there. Susan was a new Catholic and this was amazing to her that she would be visited by Mother Mary and her own mother!
Susan's mother then spoke to Susan about praying the Rosary every day and how it would sooth her soul more and more each day. Slowly, the two women faded away leaving Susan to think about praying the Rosary. She didn't even own a Rosary yet, but on that very day she went out and bought one and started to pray the Rosary every day. She claims that this practice did ease the pain of her loss bringing great relief. If you are suffering a loss right now, buy a Rosary or take yours out and dust it off and start praying the Rosary. Feel the comfort of the practice and you will be glad you did! I am praying the Rosary for all of you who are suffering today.
~ Sandra Anderson
Sandra Anderson is a designer and creator of custom, handmade rosaries. She makes rosaries with all types of gemstones, pearls, lampwork beads and crystals. You can see her rosaries for sale in all price ranges at => [http://www.frommyheartrosaries.com]http://www.frommyheartrosaries.com. Go and Buy One Now for you and your special loved ones! See the FAQ page for information on our Lay Away Plan.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?Brave-Fallen-Soldier-Laid-To-Rest&id=6670189] Brave Fallen Soldier Laid To Rest
Friday, November 4, 2011
DoD 5000: The New Directive and Its Effect on Acquisition
By [http://ezinearticles.com/?expert=Jeremy_B_Thompson]Jeremy B Thompson
DoD 5000 post acquisition integration is the process of combining two or more organizations to form a single organizational system such as resources and people. Links can be found in the DoD directive 5000.1. Consequently, changes made would destabilize the organizational structure.
At times, should companies, including the DoD opt to implement such change in a rather slow manner. Consideration for DoD 5000.1 is given to employees, who if confronted by sudden alterations may be too overwhelming. As a result, incremental changes are deliberately introduced in carefully planned stages which allows enough time for adaptation before administering a new one. What executives fail to realize is that the most crucial part of acquisition integration lies its transition pace. The primary concerned should be focused on ways to finish the merger in lesser time. The ambiguity and uncertainties in the organization of not knowing what will happen leads to low productivity and companies losing their excellent people.
Undoubtedly, human beings are endowed with the capacity to handle any level of change. As long as people are given a solid foundation and a clear vision to adapt to, people adjust remarkably well. Most people would like to get on quickly with integration so that they can easily decide what personal adjustments to make and continue with their career. Several acquisitions fail not because of a bad strategy but mainly due to poor executions of people in charge. Such actions may lead to massive financial loses and extensive damage to the company which is sometimes difficult to reverse. Therefore, obtaining consulting support for DoD directive 5000.1 is an important option. There are basically five basic steps to follow to ensure smooth acquisition integration.
First, a good way to ensure success begins in planning early. This involves pre-determining the consequences of implementing changes and offering solutions to prevent the piling of problems. If the deal is sure to proceed it would not hurt to be prepared at all. Second step is also a crucial part which involves selection of your leaders. Since the management is expected to undergo intensive alterations, the people at the top should be able to handle stress and decision-making process to produce better outcomes. Third, get to know the insider's view and flow of information.
Many companies seek help to researchers who can provide these analytical services. Fourth is constructing effective communication strategies. This involves informing all the members of the organization of new protocols and at the same time gaining feedback from them. Lastly, adequate resources which may include financial and staff are also important. These steps if done properly would definitely propel the integration process to a success. [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/dod-5000.aspx]DoD 5000 changed the way the government does business. To learn how, visit our website.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?DoD-5000:-The-New-Directive-and-Its-Effect-on-Acquisition&id=6650008] DoD 5000: The New Directive and Its Effect on Acquisition
DoD 5000 post acquisition integration is the process of combining two or more organizations to form a single organizational system such as resources and people. Links can be found in the DoD directive 5000.1. Consequently, changes made would destabilize the organizational structure.
At times, should companies, including the DoD opt to implement such change in a rather slow manner. Consideration for DoD 5000.1 is given to employees, who if confronted by sudden alterations may be too overwhelming. As a result, incremental changes are deliberately introduced in carefully planned stages which allows enough time for adaptation before administering a new one. What executives fail to realize is that the most crucial part of acquisition integration lies its transition pace. The primary concerned should be focused on ways to finish the merger in lesser time. The ambiguity and uncertainties in the organization of not knowing what will happen leads to low productivity and companies losing their excellent people.
Undoubtedly, human beings are endowed with the capacity to handle any level of change. As long as people are given a solid foundation and a clear vision to adapt to, people adjust remarkably well. Most people would like to get on quickly with integration so that they can easily decide what personal adjustments to make and continue with their career. Several acquisitions fail not because of a bad strategy but mainly due to poor executions of people in charge. Such actions may lead to massive financial loses and extensive damage to the company which is sometimes difficult to reverse. Therefore, obtaining consulting support for DoD directive 5000.1 is an important option. There are basically five basic steps to follow to ensure smooth acquisition integration.
First, a good way to ensure success begins in planning early. This involves pre-determining the consequences of implementing changes and offering solutions to prevent the piling of problems. If the deal is sure to proceed it would not hurt to be prepared at all. Second step is also a crucial part which involves selection of your leaders. Since the management is expected to undergo intensive alterations, the people at the top should be able to handle stress and decision-making process to produce better outcomes. Third, get to know the insider's view and flow of information.
Many companies seek help to researchers who can provide these analytical services. Fourth is constructing effective communication strategies. This involves informing all the members of the organization of new protocols and at the same time gaining feedback from them. Lastly, adequate resources which may include financial and staff are also important. These steps if done properly would definitely propel the integration process to a success. [http://www.wbresearch.com/defenselogisticsusa/dod-5000.aspx]DoD 5000 changed the way the government does business. To learn how, visit our website.
Article Source: [http://EzineArticles.com/?DoD-5000:-The-New-Directive-and-Its-Effect-on-Acquisition&id=6650008] DoD 5000: The New Directive and Its Effect on Acquisition
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